Repository Community: null
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11750/11712
2024-03-28T06:25:13Z
2024-03-28T06:25:13Z
Transcriptomic Response of Superworm in Facilitating Polyethylene Biodegradation
Kim, Hong Rae
Lee, Chaerin
Shin, Hyeyoung
Koh, Hye Yeon
Lee, Sukkyoo
Choi, Donggeon
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11750/46692
2024-02-01T17:40:14Z
Title: Transcriptomic Response of Superworm in Facilitating Polyethylene Biodegradation
Author(s): Kim, Hong Rae; Lee, Chaerin; Shin, Hyeyoung; Koh, Hye Yeon; Lee, Sukkyoo; Choi, Donggeon
Abstract: Plastics are a serious cause of environmental pollution, and microplastics pose a threat to human health. To solve this problem, the plastic-degrading mechanism of insect larvae is being investigated. The aim of this study was to examine the metabolic pathways involved in polyethylene metabolism, the interaction between the host and microorganisms, and the role of superworms in promoting plastic degradation in polyethylene-fed superworms. Through host transcriptomic analysis, we identified 429 up-regulated and 777 down-regulated genes and analyzed their functions using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology databases. We found that insects promote the degradation of polyethylene through two main mechanisms. First, polyethylene metabolites activate the lipid metabolism pathway in insects, promoting the synthesis of carboxylic ester hydrolases and accelerating polyethylene degradation. Second, insect larvae generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) which are critical for insect immune responses and for the initial oxidation of polyethylene. In metagenomic analysis, bacterial species, such as Citrobacter sp. and Raoultella sp., which are known to be involved in the degradation of polyethylene and its metabolites, were more abundant in the guts of insects that consumed polyethylene. In addition, increases in the concentration of peroxide in the gut and the activity of esterase (lipase) acting on lipophilic substrates were observed. Furthermore, we suggest that xenobiotic metabolism is critical for polyethylene metabolism in superworm guts. In particular, enzymes involved in xenobiotic metabolism phase 2, such as glutathione S-transferase and uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferase, convert lipophilic plastic degradation intermediates into water-soluble forms and promote polyethylene degradation. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Biodegradation of polyvinyl chloride by Citrobacter koseri isolated from superworms (Zophobas atratus larvae)
Nyamjav, Indra
Jang, Yejin
Lee, Ye Eun
Lee, Sukkyoo
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11750/46100
2024-02-16T13:40:16Z
2023-04-30T15:00:00Z
Title: Biodegradation of polyvinyl chloride by Citrobacter koseri isolated from superworms (Zophobas atratus larvae)
Author(s): Nyamjav, Indra; Jang, Yejin; Lee, Ye Eun; Lee, Sukkyoo
Abstract: Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is one of the widely used plastic products worldwide, and its accumulation in the natural environment has become a major global issue with regard to the environment and biotic health. There is accordingly strong demand for the development of solutions and methods for environmental remediation. Degrading plastic waste using microorganisms is an effective and eco-friendly method. However, evidence of bacteria that afford efficient biodegradation of unplasticized, pure PVC film has yet to be reported. Therefore, the biodegradation of PVC becomes very important. Here, we present results on the physicochemical and structural studies of PVC by Citrobacter koseri (C. koseri) isolated from the gut of the superworm, Zophobas atratus (Z. atratus) larvae. We also studied the biodegradability of PVC by the gut microbiota compared with C. koseri. We analyzed the microbial degradation of the PVC surface using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and confirmed that the physical and chemical changes were caused by C. koseri and the gut microbiota. The chemical structural changes were further investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier-transform-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and it was confirmed that the oxidation of the PVC surface proceeded with the formation of carbonyl groups (C = O), and hydroxyl groups (−OH) by C. koseri. Additionally, the gut microbiota composed of diverse microbial species showed equal oxidation of PVC compared to C. koseri. Further, we evaluated the capabilities of single bacterial isolate and gut microbiota for pure PVC film biodegradation. Our results verified that C. koseri and the culturable microbiota from the gut of superworms present similar potential to utilize pure PVC film as a carbon source. These findings provide a potential solution for the biodegradation of unplasticized PVC. © 2023 Nyamjav, Jang, Lee and Lee. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
2023-04-30T15:00:00Z
Physicochemical and Structural Evidence that Bacillus cereus Isolated from the Gut of Waxworms (Galleria mellonella Larvae) Biodegrades Polypropylene Efficiently In Vitro
Nyamjav, Indra
Jang, Yejin
Park, Nohyoon
Lee, Ye Eun
Lee, Sukkyoo
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11750/46099
2024-03-22T06:40:57Z
2023-09-30T15:00:00Z
Title: Physicochemical and Structural Evidence that Bacillus cereus Isolated from the Gut of Waxworms (Galleria mellonella Larvae) Biodegrades Polypropylene Efficiently In Vitro
Author(s): Nyamjav, Indra; Jang, Yejin; Park, Nohyoon; Lee, Ye Eun; Lee, Sukkyoo
Abstract: Biodegradation of plastic waste using microorganisms has been proposed as one of the solutions to the increasing worldwide plastic waste. Polypropylene (PP) is the second most used plastic used in various industries, and it has been widely used in the production of personal protective equipment such as masks due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, biodegradation of PP becomes very important. Here, we present results on the physicochemical and structural studies of PP biodegradation by Bacillus cereus isolated from the gut of the waxworms, Galleria mellonella larvae. We also studied the biodegradability of PP by the gut microbiota compared with Bacillus cereus. We analyzed the microbial degradation of the PP surface using scanning electron microscopy and energy - dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and confirmed that the physical and chemical changes were caused by Bacillus cereus and the gut microbiota. The chemical structural changes were further investigated using X-ray photoelectron microscopy and Fourier - transform - infrared spectroscopy, and it was confirmed that the oxidation of the PP surface proceeded with the formation of carbonyl groups (C=O), ester groups (C–O), and hydroxyl groups (–OH) by Bacillus cereus. Additionally, the gut microbiota composed of diverse microbial species showed equal oxidation of PP compared to Bacillus cereus. More importantly, high temperature gel permeation chromatography (HT-GPC) analysis showed that Bacillus cereus exhibited quantitatively a higher biodegradability of PP compared to the gut microbiota. Our results suggest that Bacillus cereus possesses a complete set of enzymes required to initiate the oxidation of the carbon chain of PP and will be used to discover new enzymes and genes that are involved in degrading PP. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
2023-09-30T15:00:00Z
심리생리학적 지표 측정을 통한 공격성 특질 분석 및 모니터링 시스템
염지우
조정아
문제일
이영미
이창훈
정진주
이상임
진권휴
제갈장환
배미정
임승영
이석규
허진화
김대환
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11750/45651
2023-12-26T09:24:13Z
Title: 심리생리학적 지표 측정을 통한 공격성 특질 분석 및 모니터링 시스템
Author(s): 염지우; 조정아; 문제일; 이영미; 이창훈; 정진주; 이상임; 진권휴; 제갈장환; 배미정; 임승영; 이석규; 허진화; 김대환
Abstract: 심리생리학적 지표 측정을 통한 공격성 분석 및 모니터링 시스템에 대해 개시한다. 심리생리학적 지표 측정을 통한 공격성 분석 및 모니터링 시스템은, 심리학적 공격성 지표 데이터베이스를 생성하고, 측정된 생체 신호와 심리학적 공격성 지표의 상관관계에 대한 분석 결과를 제공하고, 상기 생체 신호와 심리학적 공격성 지표의 상관관계에 기초하여 생체신호 기반의 심리학적 공격성의 하위 특질에 대한 정량화 기준을 생성하고, 상기 생체 신호 기반의 심리학적 공격성을 진단 및 분석하고, 심리학적 공격성 진단 결과 및 공격성 완화 솔루션과 관련된 진단 결과를 제공하는 서버 스테이션과 및 공격성 모니터링 전용 해드셋형 뇌파-심전도 측정 장치를 통해 심전도 및 Fp2 및 F8 채널에서 뇌파를 측정하고, 측정된 뇌파 및 심전도 신호를 상기 서버 스테이션으로 전달하고 상기 서버 스테이션으로부터 진단 결과를 수신하는 유저 스테이션을 포함한다.