Repository Collection: null

Multi-scale imaging and recording of in-vivo neural activity

2026-07-22T05:10:11Z

Title: Multi-scale imaging and recording of in-vivo neural activity Author(s): Lee, Min Yong; Kim, Hyo Won; Lee, Kwang Abstract: Most in vivo neural technologies have been developed to enhance the resolution of subcellular neuronal activity or to expand the spatial range for tracking ensembles of neurons in the brains of live animals. While these approaches offer great promise for understanding cellular and circuit functions in behaving mammals, their cross-sectional observations are inherently limited in accounting for causal interactions of neural dynamics across various scales of brain architecture. Consequently, the simultaneous observation of multi-scale neural activity has emerged as a crucial strategy for achieving a more comprehensive understanding of brain function. These advancements facilitate the simultaneous detection of diverse signals, providing unprecedented insights into dynamic neurophysiological mechanisms within three-dimensional brain structures that remain poorly understood. Here, we review state-of-the-art technologies for the parallel observation of multiple neural targets in vivo. We highlight strategies for simultaneously observing brain signals at multiple resolutions, aiming to bridge the spatiotemporal gaps between microscopic and macroscopic domains of neurobiology. We also emphasize the technical integration of neural tools to concurrently acquire electrophysiological activity and optical imaging, leveraging their complementary strengths. Finally, we discuss the future challenges and potential prospects of multimodal neural techniques, paving the way for a deeper understanding of brain functions and disorders. [BMB Reports 2026; 59(2): 124-136]

Widefield cortical activity and functional connectivity during motorized locomotion

2026-04-15T18:01:39Z

Title: Widefield cortical activity and functional connectivity during motorized locomotion Author(s): Lee, Chang Hak; Lee, Gawon; Song, Hyejin; Lee, Kwang Abstract: The ability to move within a given environment necessitates constant regulation of sensory and motor functions. However, intricacies of sensory-motor integration via intercortical signal correlation remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we dissociated internally driven cortical dominance from original signals by removing the influence of behavior variables during locomotion on motorized treadmill, wheel, and disk. There were no significant differences in either original or internally driven activity across the cortex of mice during walking based on the type of track. However, the spatial pattern of internally driven cortical connectivity depended on the track type. Especially, internally driven functional connectivity during sustained locomotion on the treadmill significantly decreased only in the medial M2 regions. Thus, the maintenance of stable locomotion on a linear runway is indicative of successful internal sensory-motor integration, which is achieved through inhibitory control of M2. Our findings demonstrate that the spatial patterns of cortical functional connectivity during locomotion are altered by the gait kinematics following physical rotation of the track. Furthermore, we suggest that understanding of health and disorder related to locomotion in environmental contexts requires the consideration of internally driven activity and functional connectivity across the widefield cortex.

Translational reprogramming of dentate gyrus peptidergic circuitry gates antidepressant efficacy

2026-05-07T18:01:15Z

Title: Translational reprogramming of dentate gyrus peptidergic circuitry gates antidepressant efficacy Author(s): Oh, Seo-Jin; Jang, Jin-Hyeok; Roussarie, Jean-Pierre; Jang, Kyung-un; Jeong, Min-Seok; Jo, Yeon Suk; Shin, Chang Hun; Choi, Hongsoo; Lee, Kwang; Yoon, Jong-Hyeok; Oh, Yong-Seok Abstract: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) exhibit delayed therapeutic effects despite rapid serotonin elevation, suggesting their dependence on slow neuroplastic adaptations. Here, we demonstrate that antidepressant actions require cell type-specific translational regulation of the peptidergic signaling in the dentate gyrus (DG). Chronic, but not acute, treatment with an SSRI fluoxetine (FLX) selectively enhances translational activity in hilar mossy cells (MCs), with no detectable changes in neighboring granule cells (GCs). Combining Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification (TRAP) with RNA sequencing revealed distinct baseline translatomes between these two glutamatergic neurons and identified FLX-induced remodeling of peptidergic pathways in the DG. Crucially, we discovered MC-specific enrichment of the neuropeptide PACAP, which undergoes translation-dependent upregulation by chronic FLX treatment. This PACAP induction mediates neuroadaptive plasticity in PAC1 receptor-expressing GCs and drives behavioral responses prominently in female mice during prolonged FLX administration. Our findings establish cell type-specific translational reprogramming as a novel mechanistic framework for antidepressant action.

Hexagonal metal complex based mechanically robust transparent ultrathin gold μECoG for electro-optical neural interfaces

2025-08-22T04:40:13Z

Title: Hexagonal metal complex based mechanically robust transparent ultrathin gold μECoG for electro-optical neural interfaces Author(s): Kim, Duhee; Bissannagari, Murali; Kim, Boil; Hong, Nari; Park, Jaeu; Lim, Hyeongtae; Lee, Junhee; Lee, Jungha; Kim, Yoon Kyoung; Cho, Youngjae; Lee, Kwang; Lee, Junghyup; Yoon, Jong-Hyeok; Jang, Jae Eun; Tsai, David; Lee, Sanghoon; Kwon, Hyuk-Jun; Choe, Han Kyoung; Kang, Hongki Abstract: Transparent electro-optical neural interfacing technologies offer simultaneous high-spatial-resolution microscopic imaging, and high-temporal-resolution electrical recording and stimulation. However, fabricating transparent, flexible, and mechanically robust neural electrodes with high electrochemical performance remains challenging. In this study, we fabricated transparent (72.7% at 570 nm), mechanically robust (0.05% resistance change after 50k bending cycles) ultrathin Au microelectrodes for micro-electrocorticography (mu ECoG) using a hexadentate metal-polymer ligand bonding with an EDTA/PSS seed layer. These transparent mu ECoG arrays, fabricated with biocompatible gold, exhibit excellent electrochemical properties (0.73 Omegacm2) for neural recording and stimulation with long-term stability. We recorded brain surface waves in vivo, maintaining a low baseline noise and a high signal-to-noise ratio during acute and two-week recordings. In addition, we successfully performed optogenetic modulation without light-induced artifacts at 7.32 mW/mm2 laser power density. This approach shows great potential for scalable, implantable neural electrodes and wearable optoelectronic devices in digital healthcare systems.