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Common metabolite and antioxidant activity analyses of soybeans reveal biochemical variation and associated genomic regions across seed and cotyledon colors

2026-09-30T15:00:00Z

Title: Common metabolite and antioxidant activity analyses of soybeans reveal biochemical variation and associated genomic regions across seed and cotyledon colors Author(s): Desta, Kebede Taye; Kim, Eun-Gyeong; Lee, Gi-An; Yoo, Eunae; Lee, Jae-Eun; Jeon, Young-ah; Yoon, Hyemyeong; Kim, Me-Sun; Shin, Myeong-Jae; Kim, Heon-Woong; Choi, Yu-Mi; Yi, Jungyoon; Lee, Sookyeong Abstract: Understanding variation in biochemical traits and their genetic basis across seed-related traits in soybeans is critical for functional food development and breeding programs. This study analyzed targeted metabolites, total metabolite contents, antioxidant activity, and associated genes in soybeans with different seed and cotyledon colors. The coefficient of variation ranged from 2.02% for total unsaturated fatty acids to 146.69% for cyanidin-3-O-glycoside, indicating substantial biochemical diversity. Black soybeans exhibited significantly higher phenolic and anthocyanin contents, stronger antioxidant capacity, and more favorable fatty acid profiles than brown, green, and yellow soybeans (p < 0.05), demonstrating superior functional potential. In contrast, cotyledon color had limited effects on most biochemical traits. Major metabolites, including 6 ''-O-malonylgenistin, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, and linoleic acid, predominated within their respective classes regardless of color. Multivariate analyses revealed distinct metabolite association patterns among seed colors. Genome-wide association analysis identified significant genomic regions associated with phenolic content, isoflavones, fatty acids, and antioxidant activities. Within LD-defined intervals, several putative candidate genes, including Glyma.15G122200, Glyma.11G107600, Glyma.13G154400, Glyma.13G194500, Glyma.19G119100, and Glyma.09G207700, were prioritized based on marker proximity, functional annotation, biological relevance, and GO enrichment analysis. These genes provide testable hypotheses for further fine-mapping, expression analysis, and functional validation. They also support the use of seed coat color as a practical indicator of functional metabolite richness and highlight genomic regions and putative candidate genes for further validation and potential future use in soybean quality breeding with enhanced nutritional quality and health-promoting properties.

Research ethics education in Korea for overcoming culture and value system differences

2016-02-29T15:00:00Z

Title: Research ethics education in Korea for overcoming culture and value system differences Author(s): Nho, Hwan Jin Abstract: Although ethical standards and procedures for research in Korea have developed closer to global standards, applying those standards and procedures have led significant conflicts widely due to the cultural differences. In Korea where relationship-centered East Asian values are crucial, it is difficult for 'internal whistleblowing' and 'conflicts of interest management' to function properly. At universities, it is difficult to form an equal relationship to have a free discussion between professors and students. Also, the research community has been influenced by side effects such as 'respect for quantity and speed', 'excessive competition', and 'mammonism' that have permeated Korean society during its modernization process. Students have taken such values for granted, too. These circumstances disable research ethics system to function properly and have negative influence on organization development by discouraging open innovation. In this context, how can we educate students to follow the global standards as well as dealing with conflicts derived from cultural differences wisely? I propose that the overarching principle of research ethics education should not be a 'delivery of knowledge' but be a 'change in the way of thinking'. In this paper, five-stage education is proposed. As education methods, discussing of dilemma cases, avoiding remote online education and leading the whole team teaching classes by one head lecturer are recommended. In addition, classroom education should be provided together with social education to change the students' ways of thinking. As for social education, self-effort of universities and operational behaviour of research laboratories are two most important aspects. The government should establish legislation and expand financial support to facilitate these changes. It is very important that the universities should become key drivers that purify their member societies so that the nation may prosper. © 2016 Nho.

Understanding persuasive elements in phishing e-mails A categorical content and semantic network analysis

2012-12-31T15:00:00Z

Title: Understanding persuasive elements in phishing e-mails A categorical content and semantic network analysis Author(s): Kim, Daejoong; Kim, Jang Hyun Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to provide an in-depth content analysis of phishing messages and to enhance understanding of them from a persuasive communication perspective. This study analysed phishing message content in a persuasion mechanism framework including message presentation and content (rational appeal, emotional appeal, reasoning type). It also used semantic network analysis to identify meaning structure. The results indicate that phishing messages used logical appeals, reasoning from cause, motivational appeals, appealing to safety needs, and emotional appeals to gain compliance. Semantic network analysis showed that two word clusters represent security and privacy. This study applied modern persuasion and deceptive communication theories to interpret phishing e-mails. The findings enhance relevant theories by including phishing e-mail cases. The results of this study can be utilised for developing phishing prevention techniques and phishing detection software. Past phishing detection studies only used a technological approach, whereas the current study provides a more comprehensive content-oriented and persuasion theory-based understanding of phishing messages. © 2013, Emerald Group Publishing Limited

정당 공천에서의 현직 효과: 제8회 지방선거 기초단체장 후보 정당 공천을 중심으로

2023-02-28T15:00:00Z

Title: 정당 공천에서의 현직 효과: 제8회 지방선거 기초단체장 후보 정당 공천을 중심으로 Author(s): 정민석; 윤지성 Abstract: 본 연구는 제8회 지방선거 기초단체장 후보 정당 공천에서의 현직 효과에 대해서 분석한다. 보통 현직 효과는 선거 당락에 대한 영향 위주로 연구가 집중되어 있으나, 본 연구는 선거 이전 단계인 정당 공천에서도 현직 효과가 직접적으로 영향을 미치는지에 초점을 두었다는 점에서 기존 연구와 차별화된다. 제8회 지방선거 기초단체장 예비후보자 명부를 사용하여 정당 공천을 경험적으로 분석한 결과, 지역주의 투표가 강하게 나타나는 지역에서는 현직자의 경선 비율이 다른 지역보다 높게 나타나는 것을 확인했다. 이와 더불어 현직 효과가 정당 공천에 직접적으로 영향을 미치며, 현직자의 정당 공천 참여 유형 또한 공천 여부에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. This study analyzes the incumbency advantage in the nomination of candidates for local governor in the 8th local elections. In general, studies on the incumbency advantage are focused on the effect on electoral outcome, but this study is differentiated from previous studies by focusing on whether the incumbency advantage directly affects the nomination of the party, which is the stage before the election. As a result of empirically analyzing the party nomination using the list of preliminary candidates for local governor in the 8th local elections, it was confirmed that the proportion of incumbent candidates was higher in areas with strong regional voting than in other regions. In addition, it was found that the incumbency advantage directly affects the party nomination, and the type of incumbent's participation in the party nomination also affects the nomination.