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Widefield cortical activity and functional connectivity during motorized locomotion

Title: Widefield cortical activity and functional connectivity during motorized locomotion Author(s): Lee, Chang Hak; Lee, Gawon; Song, Hyejin; Lee, Kwang Abstract: The ability to move within a given environment necessitates constant regulation of sensory and motor functions. However, intricacies of sensory-motor integration via intercortical signal correlation remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we dissociated internally driven cortical dominance from original signals by removing the influence of behavior variables during locomotion on motorized treadmill, wheel, and disk. There were no significant differences in either original or internally driven activity across the cortex of mice during walking based on the type of track. However, the spatial pattern of internally driven cortical connectivity depended on the track type. Especially, internally driven functional connectivity during sustained locomotion on the treadmill significantly decreased only in the medial M2 regions. Thus, the maintenance of stable locomotion on a linear runway is indicative of successful internal sensory-motor integration, which is achieved through inhibitory control of M2. Our findings demonstrate that the spatial patterns of cortical functional connectivity during locomotion are altered by the gait kinematics following physical rotation of the track. Furthermore, we suggest that understanding of health and disorder related to locomotion in environmental contexts requires the consideration of internally driven activity and functional connectivity across the widefield cortex.

Translational reprogramming of dentate gyrus peptidergic circuitry gates antidepressant efficacy

Title: Translational reprogramming of dentate gyrus peptidergic circuitry gates antidepressant efficacy Author(s): Seo-Jin Oh; Jin-jyeok Jang; Jean-Pierre Roussarie; Gyeong-un Jang; Min-seok Jeong; Yeon Suk Jo; Chang-Hoon Shin; Hongsoo Choi; Kwang Lee; Yoon, Jong-Hyeok; Yong-Seok Oh Abstract: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) exhibit delayed therapeutic effects despite rapid serotonin elevation, suggesting their dependence on slow neuroplastic adaptations. Here, we demonstrate that antidepressant actions require cell type-specific translational regulation of the peptidergic signaling in the dentate gyrus (DG). Chronic, but not acute, treatment with an SSRI fluoxetine (FLX) selectively enhances translational activity in hilar mossy cells (MCs), with no detectable changes in neighboring granule cells (GCs). Combining Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification (TRAP) with RNA sequencing revealed distinct baseline translatomes between these two glutamatergic neurons and identified FLX-induced remodeling of peptidergic pathways in the DG. Crucially, we discovered MC-specific enrichment of the neuropeptide PACAP, which undergoes translation-dependent upregulation by chronic FLX treatment. This PACAP induction mediates neuroadaptive plasticity in PAC1 receptor-expressing GCs and drives behavioral responses prominently in female mice during prolonged FLX administration. Our findings establish cell type-specific translational reprogramming as a novel mechanistic framework for antidepressant action.

Hexagonal metal complex based mechanically robust transparent ultrathin gold μECoG for electro-optical neural interfaces

Mon, 31 Mar 2025 15:00:00 GMT

Title: Hexagonal metal complex based mechanically robust transparent ultrathin gold μECoG for electro-optical neural interfaces Author(s): Kim, Duhee; Bissannagari, Murali; Kim, Boil; Hong, Nari; Park, Jaeu; Lim, Hyeongtae; Lee, Junhee; Lee, Jungha; Kim, Yoon Kyoung; Cho, Youngjae; Lee, Kwang; Lee, Junghyup; Yoon, Jong-Hyeok; Jang, Jae Eun; Tsai, David; Lee, Sanghoon; Kwon, Hyuk-Jun; Choe, Han Kyoung; Kang, Hongki Abstract: Transparent electro-optical neural interfacing technologies offer simultaneous high-spatial-resolution microscopic imaging, and high-temporal-resolution electrical recording and stimulation. However, fabricating transparent, flexible, and mechanically robust neural electrodes with high electrochemical performance remains challenging. In this study, we fabricated transparent (72.7% at 570 nm), mechanically robust (0.05% resistance change after 50k bending cycles) ultrathin Au microelectrodes for micro-electrocorticography (mu ECoG) using a hexadentate metal-polymer ligand bonding with an EDTA/PSS seed layer. These transparent mu ECoG arrays, fabricated with biocompatible gold, exhibit excellent electrochemical properties (0.73 Omegacm2) for neural recording and stimulation with long-term stability. We recorded brain surface waves in vivo, maintaining a low baseline noise and a high signal-to-noise ratio during acute and two-week recordings. In addition, we successfully performed optogenetic modulation without light-induced artifacts at 7.32 mW/mm2 laser power density. This approach shows great potential for scalable, implantable neural electrodes and wearable optoelectronic devices in digital healthcare systems.

Recent strategies for neural dynamics observation at a larger scale and wider scope

Tue, 31 Oct 2023 15:00:00 GMT

Title: Recent strategies for neural dynamics observation at a larger scale and wider scope Author(s): Lee, Chang Hak; Park, Young Kwon; Lee, Kwang Abstract: The tremendous technical progress in neuroscience offers opportunities to observe a more minor or/and broader dynamic picture of the brain. Moreover, the large-scale neural activity of individual neurons enables the dissection of detailed mechanistic links between neural populations and behaviors. To measure neural activity in-vivo, multi-neuron recording, and neuroimaging techniques are employed and developed to acquire more neurons. The tools introduced concurrently recorded dozens to hundreds of neurons in the coordinated brain regions and elucidated the neuronal ensembles from a massive population perspective of diverse neurons at cellular resolution. In particular, the increasing spatiotemporal resolution of neuronal monitoring across the whole brain dramatically facilitates our understanding of additional nervous system functions in health and disease. Here, we will introduce state-of-the-art neuroscience tools involving large-scale neural population recording and the long-range connections spanning multiple brain regions. Their synergic effects provide to clarify the controversial circuitry underlying neuroscience. These challenging neural tools present a promising outlook for the fundamental dynamic interplay across levels of synaptic cellular, circuit organization, and brain-wide. Hence, more observations of neural dynamics will provide more clues to elucidate brain functions and push forward innovative technology at the intersection of neural engineering disciplines. We hope this review will provide insight into the use or development of recent neural techniques considering spatiotemporal scales of brain observation.