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dc.contributor.advisor 이호춘 -
dc.contributor.author Kisung Park -
dc.date.accessioned 2020-06-22T16:03:02Z -
dc.date.available 2020-06-22T16:03:02Z -
dc.date.issued 2020 -
dc.identifier.uri http://dgist.dcollection.net/common/orgView/200000284039 en_US
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11750/12007 -
dc.description lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI), lithium ion batteries, lithium metal batteries, passive layer, solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), interface -
dc.description.abstract This study investigates the availability of lithium (Li) imide salt based electrolytes for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) and lithium metal batteries (LMBs) and the role of imide electrolytes on the interfacial reactions with electrodes. Li imide salts such as lithium bis(flourosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) are the promising candidate for LIBs and LMBs as compared with the widely used Li salt, lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) due to its improved solubility, thermal stability, HF contamination resistivity and comparable ionic conductivity.
I firstly study the suitability of Li imide electrolytes in LIBs which consist of two electrodes, Li metal oxide cathode and graphite anode. In terms of graphite/electrolyte, it has been reported that Li imide electrolyte presents slightly/far better electrochemical performances at ambient/elevated temperature, resulting from reduced internal charge transfer resistance and thermally stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation on graphite/electrolyte interface.
However, a severe corrosion issue of aluminum (Al) cathode current collector is a bottleneck for the use of Li imide salt with cathodes. Through a systematic comparison of Al corrosion behavior in the electrolyte with Li imide salt and various borate Li salt additives, Al corrosion is largely suppressed by the addition of those additives and the inhibition ability is revealed to be in the following order: lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiDFOB) > lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF4) ≈ LiPF6 > lithium bis(oxalato)borate. Particularly, the corrosion inhibition ability of Li imide electrolyte with LiDFOB additive is comparable to Al corrosion-free LiPF6 electrolyte. As evidenced by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), such superior inhibition ability is attributed to the formation of a passive layer which consists of Al-F, Al2O3, and B-O species on Al/electrolyte interface. A LiCoO2/graphite cell with 0.8 M LiFSI+0.2 M LiDFOB electrolyte exhibits a rate capability comparable to a cell with 1 M LiPF6 solution, whereas a cell with 0.8 M LiFSI solution without LiDFOB suffers from poor power performance resulting from severe Al corrosion.
Li imide electrolytes feature comparable/better advantages in LIBs by prevention of Al corrosion. However, it is still insufficient to satisfy an urgent need in energy market demands. Thus, Li metal anode can possibly be a good candidate of graphite owing to its high theoretical capacity and low redox potential after success of addressing issues such as low Li coulombic efficiency (CE) and dendrite formation. Recently, Li imide electrolytes were introduced with a non-coordinating fluorinated ether. However, very little is known about the performance of LHCEs under harsh temperature conditions. I investigate glyme-based LHCE over a wide temperature range (5−60 °C) with a focus on the beneficial role of the fluorinated ether. Compared to 4 M LiFSI dimethoxyethane (gHCE), 1 M LiFSI dimethoxyethane/fluorinated ether (gLHCE) displays improved physicochemical properties, good wettability toward polyethylene separators, and non-flammability due to the advantageous character of the fluorinated ether. In-depth analysis confirms that in gLHCE, most FSI-anions exist as contact ion pairs and agglomerates, leading to an inorganic-rich solid electrolyte interphase on the Li anode that mitigates the side reactions with the electrolyte and facilitates the interfacial charge transport. The formidable advantages of gLHCE enable an excellent Li cycling behavior and long-term stability of FeS2/Li and anode-free LiFePO4/Cu cells over 5−60 °C.
Lastly, the superior rate capability of HCEs and LHCEs is scrutinized in comparison with conventional diluted electrolyte (DE). In LiCoO2/Li rate test, LiFSI-DMC based DE, HCE, and LHCE are compared at various discharge rates from 0.2C to 20C. Although discharge capacity retentions of LiCoO2/Li cells with HCE and LHCE are higher than the capacity retention of DE up to 10C, the capacity retention of HCE is drastically decreased at 15C, and eventually the capacity retention of HCE becomes lower than DE. Meanwhile, LHCE features great capacity retention after 15C as compared with HCE. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study reveals that HCE enables the lower charge transfer resistance (Rct) at LiCoO2/electrolyte interface. However, during ultrafast discharge, the ohmic resistance and ion transport resistance in the electrode pores (Rsol and Rion) and concentration overpotential (ηconc) affect the cell performance to a higher extent than the discharge process at low/moderate rates. Thus, LHCE is found to exhibit the highest rate capability due to the facile charge transfer (from lower activation energy for charge transfer and lower viscosity) and better mass transport (from better ionic conductivity and quite lower viscosity than HCE).
This study indicates that the availability of electrolytes for batteries is not determined by only its physicochemical natures, but it should be considered comprehensively with the nature of electrodes and interphase properties at electrode/electrolyte interface which can affect ionic and charge transport.
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dc.description.statementofresponsibility open -
dc.description.tableofcontents I. Introduction 1
II. Theory
2.1 Electrochemistry 6
2.1.1 Electromotive force 6
2.1.2 Electrode potential 6
2.1.3 Energy storage 7
2.2 Battery theory 8
2.3 Lithium batteries 9
2.3.1 Anode materials 11
2.3.2 Electrolytes 12
2.3.3 Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) 13
2.3.4 Additives 14
2.3.5 Cathode materials 14
2.4 References 15
III. Comparative study on lithium borates as corrosion inhibitors of aluminum current collector in lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide electrolytes
3.1 Introduction 17
3.2 Experimental
3.2.1 Chemicals 19
3.2.2 Electrochemical experiments 19
3.2.3 XPS 21
3.2.4 LiCoO2 cell tests 21
3.2.5 EIS 22
3.3 Results and discussion
3.3.1 Inhibitive effects of borate additives on Al corrosion in LiFSI electrolytes 22
3.3.2 XPS study on surface composition of Al electrodes 26
3.3.3 LiCoO2 cell performances 31
3.3.4 Internal resistance analysis of LiCoO2 cell 33
3.3.5 Discussion 36
3.4 Conclusions 38
3.5 References 39
IV. Wide-temperature operation of lithium metal batteries enabled by localized high-concentration electrolytes
4.1 Introduction 44
4.2 Experimental
4.2.1 Chemicals 45
4.2.2 Physicochemical properties 45
4.2.3 Electrochemical and cell tests 46
4.2.4 Microscopy and spectroscopy 47
4.3 Results and discussion
4.3.1 Physicochemical properties 48
4.3.2 Thermal and electrochemical stability 50
4.3.3 Electrolyte optimization for Li cycling 51
4.3.4 Li cycling performances at various conditions 53
4.3.5 Surface and ionic species analysis 57
4.3.6 FeS2/Li and anode free LFP cell performances 60
4.3.7 Internal resistance analysis 65
4.3.8 Comparison 68
4.4 Conclusions 69
4.5 References 70
V. Analysis of rate performance of high-concentration electrolytes and localized high-concentration electrolytes
5.1 Introduction 75
5.1.1 Overpotential 77
5.2 Experimental
5.2.1 Chemicals 79
5.2.2 Methodology 80
5.3 Results and discussion
5.3.1 Physicochemical properties 83
5.3.2 Al corrosion inhibition 84
5.3.3 LCO/Li rate performance 85
5.3.4 Internal resistance and overpotential 86
5.4 Conclusions 91
5.5 References 92
Summary (in Korean) 93
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dc.format.extent 112 -
dc.language eng -
dc.publisher DGIST -
dc.source /home/dspace/dspace53/upload/200000284039.pdf -
dc.title The role of imide electrolytes on the interfacial reactions with electrodes for lithium ion batteries and lithium metal batteries -
dc.type Thesis -
dc.identifier.doi 10.22677/Theses.200000284039 -
dc.description.degree Doctor -
dc.contributor.department Energy Science&Engineering -
dc.contributor.coadvisor Hyun-Kon Song -
dc.date.awarded 2020-02 -
dc.publisher.location Daegu -
dc.description.database dCollection -
dc.citation XT.ED 박18 202002 -
dc.date.accepted 2020-01-20 -
dc.contributor.alternativeDepartment 에너지공학전공 -
dc.contributor.affiliatedAuthor Lee, Hochun -
dc.contributor.affiliatedAuthor Park, Kisung -
dc.contributor.affiliatedAuthor Song, Hyun-Kon -
dc.contributor.alternativeName 송현곤 -
dc.contributor.alternativeName Hochun Lee -
dc.contributor.alternativeName 박기성 -
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