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Structural rigidity of the I-II loop couples CaV β anchoring to CaV2.2 gating modes
The auxiliary beta subunits of voltage-gated Ca2+ (Ca-V) channels are fundamental regulators of channel gating and neuronal excitability. While the subcellular localization of beta subunits is known to influence current density and inactivation, the precise kinetic mechanism by which they differentially modulate channel opening and closing remains elusive. Here, we report a kinetic paradox in Ca(V)2.2 channels: membrane-anchored beta subunits decelerate current decay during depolarization yet ac
2026-07
Interpretable In-Cabin Occupancy Detection Using FHRS-Based Residual Features from Fixed-ROI UWB Radar Signals
Vehicle in-cabin occupancy detection supports restraint-system control, child presence detection, and intelligent cabin sensing, with child presence detection linked to safety assessment frameworks such as the European New Car Assessment Program. High-dimensional radar representations show strong potential, but their physical basis can be difficult to interpret. Engineered-feature approaches improve interpretability, yet few explicitly separate the linear-delay component from the residual struct
2026-08
Dual-Modal Filtered-x LMS Preview Control of an Active Suspension Using a Lotus Modal-Force Transformation
This study proposes a dual-modal preview-control framework that combines two filtered-x least-mean-square (FxLMS) algorithms with a Lotus-type modal-force transformation for active suspension systems. Using previewed road information as a common reference, the heave- and pitch-mode FxLMS controllers independently generate a generalized vertical force and pitch moment to reduce sprung-mass vertical acceleration and pitch rate, respectively. These modal commands are mapped to the front and rear ac
2026-08
Interface engineering of IGZO/TiO2 heterostructure for UV driven analog memristive dynamics in in-sensor reservoir computing
Conventional machine vision systems face critical limitations, including substantial data latency and elevated energy consumption, due to the physical separation of memory, sensing, and processing units. In contrast, in-sensor computing, particularly using optoelectronic synapses, offers a promising paradigm shift by enabling direct sensing and processing of optical signals, thereby enhancing efficiency. Light-sensitive photodetectors exhibiting history-dependent dynamic responses further advanc
2026-08
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Edge-Server Workload Characterization in Vehicular Computation Offloading: Semantics and Empirical Analysis
Edge server-assisted computation offloading enables vehicles to leverage server compute resources to deliver connected services, overcoming the limitations of onboard resources. Understanding the compute workloads of edge servers is crucial for effective resource management and scheduling, yet this task is challenging due to the complex interplay of factors such as vehicle mobility and computation offloading patterns. To address this, we propose an empirical analysis framework that systematicall
2024-06
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Recent Advances in Ultra-High-Speed Wireline Receivers with ADC-DSP-Based Equalizers
High-speed wireline data transceivers (TRX) with analog-to-digital converter (ADC) followed by digital signal processor (DSP) on the receiver (RX) equalizer became popular for applications requiring >100 Gb/s per-lane data rate over long-reach (LR) channels, especially for datacenter applications. With the digital-to-analog converter (DAC)-based transmitter (TX) including DSP-based TX signal processing, the overall structure of DAC/ADC-DSP-based wireline TRXs became similar to modulator/demodula
2024-11
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A 0.05 mm3 diode-based single charged-particle real-time radiation detector for electron radiotherapy
Real-time radiation monitoring at the single-particle level is an unmet need for electron radiotherapy, especially for dose deposition to targets in motion or critical OARs. We have developed a first-in-class CMOS-based 0.05 mm3 single electron sensitive detector. The chiplet integrates all the requisite electronics. The functionality of the system is verified under 6 and 9 MeV clinical electron beams. Percentage depth vs. pulse-width curves for 6 and 9 MeV beams are measured and verified using
2025-04
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Empirical Analysis of MAVLink Protocol Vulnerability for Attacking Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Recently, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), or the so-called drones, have been used in various applications. In particular, UAVs are used for rescue systems, disaster detection, and military purposes, as well as for leisure and commercial purposes. UAVs that are controlled over networks by ground control stations (GCS) can provide various services with expanded activity area. It is thus of critical importance to investigate the vulnerability of the drone system. In this paper, we focus on UAVs co
2018-08
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