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Influence of the crystallographic orientation of silicon nanowires in a carbon matrix on electrochemical performance as negative electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Title
Influence of the crystallographic orientation of silicon nanowires in a carbon matrix on electrochemical performance as negative electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries
Author(s)
Baek, Seong-HoPark, Jung-SooBae, Eun-JinJeong, Yong-IlNoh, Bum-YoungKim, Jae Hyun
Issued Date
2013-12-15
Citation
Journal of Power Sources, v.244, pp.515 - 520
Type
Article
Author Keywords
Lithium ion batteriesSilicon nanowireNegative electrode materialsMetal-assisted chemical etchingCarbon matrix
Keywords
HIGH-CAPACITYALLOY ANODESPARTICLES
ISSN
0378-7753
Abstract
In this study, we report the effect of the crystallographic orientation of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) on electrochemical performance as a negative electrode material. We synthesize vertically aligned SiNWs from differently oriented Si substrates with axial orientations of Si <100>, <110>, and <111> by the metal-assisted chemical etching method. To investigate the influence of a carbon matrix on SiNWs, various ratios of carbon/SiNWs are incorporated into negative electrode materials. The electrochemical performance of the <110>-SiNWs is greatly improved by increasing the carbon/SiNWs ratio from 0.5 to 2 compared to <100> and <111>-SiNWs. The electrochemical results reveal that a reversible capacity of more than 3200 mAh g-1 at a current rate of 0.1 C was obtained by using <110>-SiNWs with a carbon/SiNWs ratio of 2. The enhanced electrochemical performance is attributed to the relatively large interspacing between atoms along the <110> direction, which is much larger than those along the <100> and <111> directions. We also suggest that a large amount of carbon accommodates the volume expansion that occurs during the Li alloying/dealloying processes with Si and increases the electronic conductivity. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11750/3165
DOI
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.02.053
Publisher
Elsevier B.V.
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Division of Energy & Environmental Technology 1. Journal Articles

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