Angular Dependence of Transverse-Type Hall Magnetoresistance with Non-saturated Magnetization

Abstract

Transverse-type magnetoresistances such as spin Hall magnetoresistance and orbital Hall magnetoresistance are phenomena where the resistance of a bilayer consisting of a ferromagnet (FM) and a non-magnetic metal (NM) changes due to the absorption and reflection of a spin current at the interface. However, accurately evaluating the transverse MRs through angular dependence experiments becomes non-reliable when the magnetization of the system is not fully saturated, often leading to underestimation. Here, we proposed a fitting method that utilizes the standard expression for the total energy of the magnetic system to extract the MR value more accurately. By applying this method to determine the MR amplitude in the Cr/Fe bilayer system, we demonstrate that the extracted MR values in non-saturated cases are in good agreement with that obtained when the magnetization is fully saturated. Our method could be applicable to obtain precise MR values for other systems with similar properties, which is also useful for their further investigations. © The Korean Magnetics Society. All rights reserved.