Berry curvature in the photoelectron emission delay

Abstract

Density fluctuation potential induced by a screening of the photohole scatters the photoelectron and generally causes its emission delay from the scattering matrix in the photoemission spectroscopy, where the photoemission delay usually quantifies the extrinsic loss of the photoelectron depending on the atomic orbital. Without the potential scattering, however, the photoemission from the coherent two-state mixture created by the laser driving is found to undergo the unexpected photoemission delay, which originates from the mixed photoemission matrix. Using the Haldane model, we analytically calculate such coherent mixing induced photoemission delay in an angle-resolved mode, which is found to reveal the local Berry curvature structure as long as the coherent mixing is sustained. This finding is confirmed through the streaking computation for the photoemission delay by solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation and suggests that the photoemission delay be a new spectroscopic diagnosis of the material topology of two-dimensional semiconductors. © The Author(s) 2024.