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dc.contributor.advisor 문제일 -
dc.contributor.author Jeewon Lee -
dc.date.accessioned 2022-07-07T02:29:06Z -
dc.date.available 2022-07-07T02:29:06Z -
dc.date.issued 2021 -
dc.identifier.uri http://dgist.dcollection.net/common/orgView/200000362748 en_US
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11750/16668 -
dc.description.abstract As attempts to expand audiovisual multimedia using other sensory stimuli increases, olfaction-enhanced multimedia has surfaced. The effects of combining odor with multimedia differ depending on the congruency between odor and video. However, there have been few studies to examine these questions at the neuronal level, which could explain different effects of combining odors with video depending on the congruency. Here, EEG was used to explore frequency bands related to congruency to examine how video and odors are processed in the brain depending on congruency of the pairing. Two video clips were used in this experiment: a flower video and a coffee video. Four odors were used in this experiment, which were divided into two categories: two flower odors (Lavender (FO1) and geranial (FO2)) and two coffee odors (2-furanmethanethiol (CO1) and 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine (CO2)). Two congruent odors and one incongruent odor were paired and shown with each video. Odors were presented with a video clip simultaneously while measuring brain activity by EEG. Congruency between odor and video were confirmed by a congruency survey presented to participants after the EEG experiment. EEG data were analyzed by ERSP and clustered depending on the odor using agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC), which was repeated 1000 times. The number of clusterings for each pair (e.g., congruent odors pairs: FO1-FO2, congruent odor-incongruent odor pairs: FO1-CO1, FO2-CO1 in flower video) was counted. The results revealed that flower odors (FO1 and FO2) were similarly congruent to the flower video rather than coffee odor (CO1), and coffee odors (CO1 and CO2) were similarly congruent to the coffee video rather than flower odor (FO1). The number of clusterings of the congruent odor pairs was higher than the clustering of congruent odor-incongruent odor pairs in the theta band for both videos, especially in frontal channels. The current findings suggest that the theta band in the frontal area may be related to processing odor and video depending on the congruency. -
dc.description.statementofresponsibility N -
dc.description.tableofcontents ABSTRACT i
CONTENTS ii
LIST OF FIGURES iv
LIST OF TABLES v

CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION - 1 -
1.1. Olfaction-enhanced multimedia - 1 -
1.2. Congruency between video and odor - 2 -
1.3. Purpose of the project - 3 -
CHAPTER 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS - 4 -
2.1. Participants - 4 -
2.2. Stimuli - 4 -
2.3. Experimental procedure - 7 -
2.4. Category survey - 7 -
2.5. Electroencephalography (EEG) - 7 -
2.6. Electroencephalogram preprocessing - 11 -
2.7. Analysis of event-related spectral perturbations (ERSP) - 11 -
2.8. Agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC) - 12 -
2.9. Congruency survey - 15 -
2.10. Statistics - 15 -
2.11. Software - 15 -
CHAPTER 3. RESULTS - 16 -
3.1. Four odors divided into two classes depending on perceptual category of odor. - 16 -
3.2. Congruency between video and odor was different depending on the odor - 19 -
3.3. Theta band at frontal channels was similarly induced by video and congruent odors compared to video and an incongruent odor - 21 -
CHAPTER 4. DISCUSSION - 31 -
CHAPTER 5. FURTHER STUDIES - 34 -
REFERENCES - 36 -
ABSTRACT IN KOREAN - 39 -
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dc.format.extent 40 -
dc.language eng -
dc.publisher DGIST -
dc.subject odor, video, congruency, theta band, frontal area, 향, 영상, 일치도, 세타파, 전두엽 부위 -
dc.title Studies on the brain responses depending on the congruency between video and odor -
dc.type Thesis -
dc.identifier.doi 10.22677/thesis.200000362748 -
dc.description.alternativeAbstract 기존의 시∙청각 자극으로 구성된 멀티미디어에 다른 감각 자극을 추가함으로써 현실감을 증대시키고자 하는 시도들이 행해지고 있다. 그 중 하나가 기존의 멀티미디어(영상)에 향을 추가한 ‘후각 강화 멀티미디어’이다. 설문조사를 통한 기존의 연구들에 의하면 향은 영상에 대해 일치할 때 현실감 증대, 즐거움 향상 등의 효과를 낸다고 알려져 있다. 하지만 이와 관련한 신경학적 이해는 아직까지 부족하다. 본 연구에서는 뇌 영상 기법 중 하나인 EEG를 이용하여 향과 영상 간의 일치도에 따라 신경학적 반응이 어떻게 다르게 나타나는지를 일치도가 반영되는 주파수 영역을 탐색함으로써 연구하였다. 영상은 꽃 영상과 커피 영상이 사용되었으며 향은 꽃 향 2개 (lavender (꽃 향1(FO1)), geranial (꽃 향2(FO2)))와 커피 향 2개(2-furanmethanethiol (커피 향1(CO1)), 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine (커피 향 2(CO2)))가 사용되었다. 각 영상에 대해 일치하는 향은 2개, 일치하지 않는 향은 1개 사용되었으며, 이는 향의 카테고리를 고려하여 선정하였다. 향과 영상이 동시에 주어지는 동안 EEG가 측정되었으며, EEG 측정이 종료되자마자 향과 영상의 일치도를 설문을 통해 조사하였다. EEG는 ERSP 기법을 통해 분석되었고, 향에 따라 AHC를 통해 클러스터화 하는 것을 1000번 반복하였다. 향의 쌍에 대해 각각 몇 번 클러스터화 되었는지 숫자를 세어 비교하였다. 일치도 설문의 결과에서는 꽃 향 2개 (FO1, FO2)가 커피 향 1개 (CO1)에 비해 꽃 영상에 대해 일치하였고, 커피 향 2개 (CO1, CO2)가 꽃 향 1개 (FO1)에 비해 커피 영상에 일치하였다. EEG 결과에서는 영상에 일치하는 향의 쌍이 일치하는 향-불일치하는 향의 쌍 들에 비해 앞쪽(frontal) 채널의 세타파에서 더 많이 클러스터화 됨을 확인하였다. 따라서 전두엽 부위의 세타파가 뇌에서 향과 영상을 일치도에 따라 처리하는 것과 관련이 있을 것이다. -
dc.description.degree Master -
dc.contributor.department Brain and Cognitive Sciences -
dc.contributor.coadvisor Jihwan Choi -
dc.date.awarded 2021/02 -
dc.publisher.location Daegu -
dc.description.database dCollection -
dc.citation XT.BM 이78 202102 -
dc.contributor.alternativeDepartment 뇌인지과학전공 -
dc.embargo.liftdate 2023-02-28 -
dc.contributor.affiliatedAuthor Jeewon Lee -
dc.contributor.affiliatedAuthor Cheil Moon -
dc.contributor.affiliatedAuthor Jihwan Choi -
dc.contributor.alternativeName 이지원 -
dc.contributor.alternativeName Cheil Moon -
dc.contributor.alternativeName 최지환 -
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