A balloon type retinal stimulation device includes: a substrate unit having an insertion portion provided to be inserted into an eyeball; and a stimulation unit that is provided at one or both of one and the other surfaces of the substrate unit. The insertion portion is provided to be expandable and contractible as a fluid is injected into and discharged from an inside of the injection portion. When the insertion portion expands, one surface of the insertion portion is deformed to match a shape of the retina such that the stimulation unit is brought into close contact with the retina on which an image is formed, and the other surface of the insertion portion comes into close contact with an inner surface of the eyeball that is not a region of retina on which an image is formed, to support the insertion portion that is in contact with the region of retina on which an image is formed.