24-GHz 4TX-4RX Phased Array Transceiver With Automatic Beam Steering Mode for FMCW Radar Applications

Abstract

This article presents a 24-GHz highly integrated phased array radar transceiver with four transmitters (TXs) and four receivers (RXs). To realize a wide field of view (FoV) and more efficiently reject the clutters, an automatic beam steering mode is realized. A beam scanning generator (BSG) and a frequency sweep generator (FSG) are proposed to steer the beam for each frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW)waveform sequence. The shape of the FMCW waveform, the number of beams, and the steering angles of beams can bere c on figured by initially setting the FSG and BSG. The TXs achieve an output power of 10.6 dBm and beam steering covering angles up to +/- 50(degrees)through a three-stage power amplifier (PA),a 6-bit phase shifter, and a 4-bit attenuator. The RXs achieve a noise figure (NF) of 13.5 dB and an overall gain of 105 dB. In the RXs, a two-stage low-noise amplifier (LNA) employs a low-k transformer for flat band gain. A range-compensation filter with a total 40-dB slope is realized using a trans-impedance amplifier(TIA) with DC offset cancellation (DCOC) and first-stage biquad bandpass filter (BPF). The proposed transceiver was fabricated using 65-nm CMOS with an area of 3x2.8 mm2