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Establishing a Mass Spectrometry-based Single-Cell Proteomics Workflow

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Title
Establishing a Mass Spectrometry-based Single-Cell Proteomics Workflow
Alternative Title
질량분석법 기반의 단일세포 단백체학 워크플로우 구축
DGIST Authors
Doyun ShinMin-Sik KimJong-Chan Lee
Advisor
김민식
Co-Advisor(s)
Jong-Chan Lee
Issued Date
2026
Awarded Date
2026-02-01
Type
Thesis
Description
Single-cell proteomics
Abstract

Single-cell proteomics aims to uncover the cellular diversity within a complex mixture of heterogeneous cells by profiling single-cell proteomes with the help of efficient nanoflow separations. To ensure the success of such nanoscale analyses, important factors affecting sample recovery and detection must be discussed at each step, and every aspect of the workflow must be carefully optimized. However, current single-cell proteomic workflows are still constrained by limitations in sensitivity and reproducibility, highlighting the need for continuous development and optimization of sample preparation methods. In this study, we developed a novel single-cell proteomics technology that accurately measures changes in protein expression at the single-cell level. Several pre-analytical parameters in the sample preparation pipeline, such as the process of enzymatic proteolysis and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were systematically examined to establish best practices for single-cell proteomics. And multiple different cells were analyzed. Maximizing the depth of protein analysis through these enhanced single-cell proteomics technologies will provide invaluable insights into the identification of cell types and states within complex tissues at the protein level, while also contributing to a deeper understanding of specific mechanisms.|질량 분석법 기반의 단일 세포 단백체학 워크플로우 구축 본 논문은 질량 분석 기반 단일세포 단백체 분석 기술의 분석적 한계인 민감도와 재현성 문제를 극복하고, 이질적인 세포 집단의 생물학적 다양성을 단백질 수준에서 깊이 있게 규명하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 단일세포 단백체 분석법의 개선은 나노 규모 분석 환경에서 발생하는 시료 손실 및 반응 비효율성 최소화에 달려 있어 워크플로우 전반의 최적화가 필수적이다. 시료 전처리 파이프라인의 효소 분해, 환원제 및 알킬화제 사용 등 핵심 매개변수를 체계적으로 검토하는 방식으로 연구가 진행되었다. 특히, DTT(Dithiothreitol)와 IAA(Iodoacetamide)의 조합이 다른 조건 대비 시스테인 함유 펩타이드의 알킬화 효율에서 현저한 우수성을 나타냄을 확인하였다. 최적화된 이 워크플로우는 기존 프로토콜과 동등하거나 그 이상의 단백질 분석 깊이를 제공하며, 시스테인 잔기의 완벽한 변형을 통해 단백질 구조 및 기능에 중요한 산화환원 상태 변화나 단백질 간 상호작용과 같은 초민감 신호를 안정적으로 포착할 수 있는 기반을 확립한다. 이는 복잡한 조직 내 세포 유형 및 상태를 정밀하게 식별하고 질병 메커니즘을 심층적으로 이해하는 데 도움을 줄 수 있다. 핵심어: 단일세포 단백체학, 질량분석학, 방법론 최적화

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Table Of Contents
Ⅰ. Introduction
1.1 Mass spectrometry-based proteomics
1.2 Tissue heterogeneity in intricate architecture of biological systems
1.3 Recent technological advancements in single-cell proteomics
1.4 Limitations and mitigation strategies in single-cell proteomics
Ⅱ. Methods
2.1 Original single-cell proteomics workflow by cellenONE
2.2 Single-cell detection and isolation
2.3 Optimized single-cell proteomics workflow
2.4 Preparation of live single cells
2.5 Original setup of single-cell proteomics
2.6 Optimized setup for reduction and alkylation of proteins
2.7 Data analysis
Ⅲ. Results
3.1 Evaluation of digestion efficiency via systematic refinement of chemical reagents
3.2 Advanced single-cell proteomics workflow for reduction and alkylation of protein
3.3 Overnight at 37°C tryptic digestion workflow for single-cell proteomics
3.4 The landscape of proteomic alterations under oxidative stress at the single-cell level
Ⅳ. Discussion
URI
https://scholar.dgist.ac.kr/handle/20.500.11750/59657
http://dgist.dcollection.net/common/orgView/200000943359
DOI
10.22677/THESIS.200000943359
Degree
Master
Department
Department of New Biology
Publisher
DGIST
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