Title

Dynamic IM Offloading for Cost Minimization in Open RAN : From Distributed Optimization to Centralized Deep Reinforcement Learning

Alternative Title

비용 최소화를 위한 Open RAN 동적 간섭 관리 오프로딩: 분산 최적화에서 중앙집중형 심층 강화학습으로

DGIST Authors

Sojung Lee ; Youngsik Kim ; Jeongho Kwak

Advisor

김영식

Co-Advisor(s)

Jeongho Kwak

Issued Date

2026

Awarded Date

2026-02-01

Type

Thesis

Description

Open-RAN, 6G, interference management, opportunistic control, Lyapunov optimization

Table Of Contents

1 Introduction 1

2 Related Work 4
2.1 Centralized Interference Management 4
2.2 Distributed Interference Management 5
2.3 Hybrid Coordination Approaches 5
2.4 O-RAN-based Interference Management 6

3 System Model 8
3.1 Network Model 8
3.2 Radio Resource Model 9
3.3 Link Model 10
3.4 Offloading Model 11
3.5 Cost Model 11

4 Problem Formulation 13
4.1 Long-Term Network Utility Maximization 13
4.2 From Time-Averaged Objective to a Slot-Wise Formulation 14
4.3 Per-Slot Drift-Plus-Penalty Problem 17
4.4 Stage-Wise Decomposition 18
4.5 Three-Stage Online Solution of the Per-Slot Problem 19
4.6 Stage 1: Auxiliary Update (Backlog Regulation) 20
4.7 Stage 2: LOCAL vs. CENTRAL Mode Selection 20
4.8 Stage 3: Scheduling and Power under the Chosen Mode 20
4.8.1 LOCAL Mode: Lightweight RT-Side Refinement 21
4.8.2 CENTRAL Mode: Near-RT Joint Optimization via Deep RL 22
4.9 Operational Realization of ORION 24

5 Performance Evaluation 26
5.1 Simulation Setup 26
5.1.1 Network Configuration 26
5.1.2 DQN Architecture 26
5.2 Baseline Algorithms 26
5.3 Performance Metrics 27
5.4 Results and Analysis 27
5.4.1 Performance Comparison 27
5.4.2 Cost–Performance Trade-off 28
5.4.3 Impact of Cost Weight Parameter 29
5.4.4 Adaptive Offloading Behavior under Varying Interference Levels 30
5.5 Discussion 30
5.5.1 Performance and Fairness Improvement 30
5.5.2 Operational Cost Efficiency 31
5.5.3 Context-Aware Adaptation 31
5.5.4 Implications for Hierarchical O-RAN Control 31

6 Conclusion 32

References 34

URI

https://scholar.dgist.ac.kr/handle/20.500.11750/59712
http://dgist.dcollection.net/common/orgView/200000951643

DOI

10.22677/THESIS.200000951643

Degree

Master

Department

Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

Publisher

DGIST

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