Soft Robotic Implants: A new perspective for minimally invasive bioelectronic interfaces enabled by soft robot technologies

Abstract

This paper introduces “soft robotic implants,” a novel approach combining soft robotics and bioelectronics to enable minimally invasive implantation through small incisions. Utilizing various actuation mechanisms like everting, unfurling, and bending, the technology integrates functional components such as electrodes, light sources, and strain sensors for adaptable and efficient deployment on diverse target organs. A prototype soft robotic electrode array for electrocorticography (ECoG) demonstrated successful deployment of electrode arrays via eversion and recording of somatosensory evoked potentials in a minipig, showcasing minimal tissue damage and enhanced procedural safety. Future directions focus on miniaturization, biocompatible materials, and expanded applications, with the potential to revolutionize healthcare by improving efficiency, reducing costs, and creating new markets for soft bioelectronics.