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Identification of Polystyrene-Degrading Bacteria in the Human Gut
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- Title
- Identification of Polystyrene-Degrading Bacteria in the Human Gut
- DGIST Authors
- Eunkyo Lee ; Sukkyoo Lee ; Mean-Hwan Kim
- Advisor
- 이석규
- Co-Advisor(s)
- Mean-Hwan Kim
- Issued Date
- 2026
- Awarded Date
- 2026-08-01
- Type
- Thesis
- Description
- Biodegradation, Plastic-degrading bacteria, Human gut bacteria, Polystyrene biodegradation
- Abstract
-
The exponential increase in plastic production and the accumulation of microplastics have emerged as critical global environmental challenges. Microplastics introduced into ecosystems can enter organisms through the food chain and accumulate within their bodies, suggesting the potential for eventual human exposure. While previous studies have reported that ingested microplastics may induce dysbiosis in the gut microbiota, their biodegradation potential by these microorganisms remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to isolate gut microorganisms capable of degrading polystyrene (PS), a fossil fuel-based plastic, and to evaluate their degradative potential. A total of eight microbial strains capable of utilizing PS as a sole carbon source were isolated from fecal samples obtained from six human donors. These strains were inoculated onto PS film surfaces using a micro-spray technique and incubated for 30 days. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis confirmed the formation of biofilms on the PS surfaces, while fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses revealed significant chemical modifications, including the introduction of oxygen-containing functional groups. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) further demonstrated a decrease in thermal stability of the treated films, indicating structural alteration of the polymer. In addition, Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis was performed to identify potential metabolic metabolic intermediates associated with microbial PS degradation. Collectively, these results suggest that human gut-derived microorganisms can induce oxidative modification and partial degradation of PS. This study provides new insights into the potential interactions between microplastics and the gut microbiota, with implications for both human health and environmental sustainability. Keywords: Biodegradation, Plastic-degrading bacteria, Human gut bacteria, Polystyrene biodegradation|플라스틱 생산의 급속한 증가로 인한 미세플라스틱의 축적은 전 지구적인 환경 문제 중 하나이다. 특히 생태계로 들어간 미세플라스틱은 먹이 사슬을 통해 생물체의 몸으로 들어가 쌓이게 되며 이는 곧 인간 체내로 유입될 가능성을 시사한다. 장내로 들어온 미세플라스틱이 장내 미생물의 불균형을 일으킬 가능성이 있다는 보고가 있으나 해당 미생물의 플라스틱 분해 가능성에 대해서는 규명된 바가 적다. 본 연구는 대표적인 화석 연료 기반 고분자 플라스틱인 폴리스티렌(Polystyrene, PS)을 분해할 수 있는 미생물을 인간의 장내에서 분리하고 그 분해능력을 검증하는 것을 목표로 한다. 성인 6인의 분변 시료에서 농화 배양 방법을 통해PS를 탄소 영양원으로 이용 가능할 것으로 추정되는 미생물 8종을 분리하였고 이를 PS 필름 표면에 초미세분사 기법으로 접종하여 30일간 배양하였다. 배양 후 전계방출형 주사전자현미경을 통해 필름 표면에 형성된 생물막을 관찰하였고 푸리에 변환 적외선 분광법과 엑스선 광전자 분광법을 통해 미생물을 접종한 PS 필름 표면의 화학적 구조 변화가 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 열중량 분석기를 통해 미생물에 의한 화학적 변성에 따른 열정 안정성 저하를 입증하였다. 마지막으로 기체 크로마토그래피 질량 분석을 시행하여 PS 분해 과정에서 생성된 미생물 대사 부산물 및 결과물을 확인하였다. 본 연구 결과는 인간 장내 박테리아가 PS의 화학적 분해를 매개할 수 있음을 시사하며 장내 환경 내 플라스틱 분해 가능성에 대한 새로운 통찰력을 제공한다.
더보기
핵심어: 생분해, 폴리스티렌, 플라스틱 생분해 미생물, 장내 미생물, 폴리스티렌 생분해
- Table Of Contents
-
List of Contents
Abstract i
List of contents ii
List of tables iii
List of figures vi
Ⅰ. Introduction 1
1.1 Global environmental impact and physiological risks of microplastics 1
1.2 The role of gut microbiota in polystyrene biodegradation: hypotheses and perspectives
3
1.3 Characteristics of Polystyrene 4
1.4 Polystyrene biodegradation process 6
Ⅱ. Materials and Methods 8
2.1 Plsatic Material preperation 8
2.2 Fecal sample collection and enrichment culture of the human gut microbiota 8
2.3 16S rRNA sequencing 9
2.4 Identification of plastic-degrading bacteria in human feces 9
2.5 Adaptation of bacterial strains to a low-carbon environment 10
2.6 PS film incubation with bacterial species 11
2.7 Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) 11
2.8 Fourier-transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) 12
2.9 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis 13
2.10 Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) 13
2.11 Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) 13
Ⅲ. Results 15
3.1 Isolation of PS films degradating bacteria species in the human gut 15
3.2 Characterization of physical biodeterioration using scanning electron microscopy17
3.3 Changes in the chemical functional groups of the PS plastic after biooxidation ·· 19
3.4 Microbially Induced Changes in the Thermal Stability of PS 23
3.5 GC–MS Analysis of Plastic Degradation Products by Gut Microbiota 25
Ⅳ. Discussion 28
Ⅴ. Conclusion 33
Ⅵ. References 34
요약문 42
- URI
-
https://scholar.dgist.ac.kr/handle/20.500.11750/60773
http://dgist.dcollection.net/common/orgView/200001014030
- Degree
- Master
- Department
- Department of Brain Sciences
- Publisher
- DGIST
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