Title

Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction over Stable and Earth Abundant Cu-TiO2-x; a quest to get Economic Viability

DGIST Authors

Ali Shahzad ; Su-Il In ; Jong-Sung Yu

Advisor

인수일

Co-Advisor(s)

Jong-Sung Yu

Issued Date

2022

Awarded Date

2022/02

Citation

Ali Shahzad. (2022). Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction over Stable and Earth Abundant Cu-TiO2-x. doi: 10.22677/thesis.200000595375

Type

Thesis

Subject

Solar fuels, CO2 reduction, copper oxide, Z-scheme heterostructure, oxygen vacancy

Description

Solar fuels, CO2 reduction, copper oxide, Z-scheme heterostructure, oxygen vacancy

Table Of Contents

Ⅰ. Introduction 1
1.1 CO2 and greenhouse effect 1
1.1.1 Sea level rise 2
1.1.2 Extinction of living species 2
1.1.3 Food in-security 2
1.1.4 Ocean Acidification 2
1.2 CO2 reduction routes 2
1.2.1 Thermal CO2 splitting 2
1.2.2 Catalytic Conversion: 3
1.2.3 Bio-chemical Conversion: 3
1.2.4 Electrochemical conversion 3
1.2.5 Solar thermochemical conversion 3
1.3 Photocatalytic CO2 reduction 4
1.4 Factors effecting photocatalytic CO2 reduction 6
1.4.1 Flow versus batch reactors 6
1.4.2 Reactor geometry and catalyst support 7
1.4.3 Light irradiations 7
1.4.4 Temperature 8
1.4.5 Effect of H2O/CO2 feed ratio 9
1.4.6 Other factors 10
1.5 Challenges in photocatalytic CO2 reduction 10
1.6 Reduced TiO2 11
1.7 Copper based photocatalysts for CO2 reduction 12
1.7.1 Cu as a co-catalyst 12
1.7.2 Copper oxide itself as a photocatalyst 12
1.7.3 Heterostructures of Cu 13
1.7.4 Atomically dispersed Cu-based photocatalysts 16
1.8 Stability of Cu-based photocatalysts 18
1.8.1 Metals and non-metals 18
1.8.2 Z-scheme heterostructures 20
1.8.3 Other methods 22
Ⅱ. Characterization and analysis tools 39
2.1 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 39
2.2 Transmission electron microscopy 41
2.3 UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy 42
2.4 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) 43
2.5 Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) 44
2.6 Raman spectroscopy 46
2.7 Gas chromatography 46
2.7.1 Component of GC 47
2.8 Gas chromatography-Mass spectroscopy 49
2.9 Temperature program desorption 51
2.10 Formulas and Calculations 52
2.10.1 Calculations of photocatalytic Yield 52
2.10.1 Calculations of photocatalytic Yield 52
2.10.2 Calculations of AQY 53
2.11 Coumarin dye test: 55
2.12 Photocatalytic Setup 55
Ⅲ. Sustained, Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction to CH4 in a Continuous Flow Reactor by Earth-Abundant Materials: Reduced Titania-Cu2O Z-Scheme Heterostructures 59
3.1 Introduction 59
3.2 Experimental 60
3.2.1 Materials and preparation methods 60
3.2.2 Characterization methods 62
3.2.3 Photocatalytic testing 62
3.4 Conclusions 76
Ⅳ. Photocatalytic reduction of atmospheric CO2 over copper deposited titania: Insights into reaction mechanism and stability 89
4.1 Introduction 89
4.2 Material and characterization 91
4.2.1 Material synthesis 91
4.2.2 Characterizations 91
4.2.3 Photocatalytic testing 92
4.3 Results and discussions 93
4.3.1 Atmospheric H2O and CO2 adsorption 94
4.3.2 Reaction Mechanism 100
4.4 Conclusions 108
Ⅴ.Conclusions and future prospective 116
Abstract in Korean language (요약문) 119

URI

http://dgist.dcollection.net/common/orgView/200000595375
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11750/16310

DOI

10.22677/thesis.200000595375

Degree

Doctor

Department

Energy Science & Engineering

Publisher

DGIST

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