Sulfide-based solid electrolytes have emerged as pivotal components for the advancement of next-generation all-solid-state batteries, owing to the battery safety and higher energy density. This paper reviews the recent material innovations in sulfide-based solid electrolytes, focusing on enhancing their ionic conductivities based on an understanding of their crystal structures. Through a comprehensive analysis of current research trends and future perspectives, this review aims to provide a roadmap for the development of more robust and efficient sulfide-based solid electrolytes, which contribute to the realization of safer and higher-performance all-solid-state batteries.