Title

Development of High-Spatiotemporal-Resolution Transparent Thermoelectric Temperature Sensor Arrays for Optical Neuromodulation

Alternative Title

광학적 신경 조절을 위한 고시공간 해상도 투명 열전 온도 센서 어레이 개발

DGIST Authors

Junhee Lee ; Hyuk-Jun Kwon ; Hongki Kang

Advisor

권혁준

Co-Advisor(s)

Hongki Kang

Issued Date

2026

Awarded Date

2026-02-01

Type

Thesis

Description

Optical neuromodulation, Thermoelectric sensors, PEDOT:PSS, Microelectrode arrays, Photothermal Stimulation

Table Of Contents

List of Contents
Abstract i
List of contents ⅱ
List of tables ⅳ
List of figures ⅴ

Ⅰ. Introduction
1.1 Neuromodulation: Principles and Technologies 1
1.1.1 Photothermal Neuromodulation 4
1.1.2 Optogenetic Neuromodulation 11
1.1.3 Temperature: A Critical Parameter in Optical Neuromodulation 15
1.2 Temperature Sensing Technologies: Challenges and Solutions 19
1.2.1 Existing Temperature Measurement Approaches for Optical Neuromodulation 21
1.2.2 Thermoelectric Temperature Sensors: A Novel Approach 26
1.3 References 29

Ⅱ. High Temporal Resolution Thermoelectric Temperature Sensor
2.1 Experimental Methods 32
2.2 Principles of PEDOT:PSS-based Thermoelectric Temperature Sensors 36
2.3 Photothermal Effect Sensing Using the Thermoelectric Temperature Sensor 39
2.4 Flexible PEDOT:PSS-Only Thermoelectric Temperature Sensor 45
2.5 Optical Bio-Imaging of the Thermoelectric Temperature Sensor 48
2.6 Summary 50
2.7 References 51

Ⅲ. High-Spatiotemporal-Resolution Thermoelectric Temperature Sensor Integrated with Microelectrode Array (MEA)
3.1 Experimental Methods 55
3.2 MEA Fabrication Process Optimization for Reliable Neural Signal Recording 58
3.3 Development of µ-Scale Thermoelectric Temperature Sensor Array 66
3.4 Characterization of Temperature Sensing Capabilities 74
3.5 Analysis of Thermoelectric Response across Variable Temperature Distributions 79
3.6 Analysis of Thermoelectric Response in Culture Media 86
3.7 Spatially-Resolved Photothermal Mapping Using Thermoelectric Sensor Arrays 90
3.8 Summary 93
3.9 References 94

Ⅳ. Application of the TE-MEA Platform for Quantitative Analysis of Photothermal Neuromodulation
4.1 Experimental Methods 99
4.2 Temperature-dependent Neural Inhibition During Photothermal Stimulation 103
4.3 High Temporal Resolution Analysis of Photothermal Neural Response 111
4.4 Summary 114
4.5 References 115

Ⅴ. Application of the TE-MEA Platform for Thermal Characterization of Optogenetic Neuromodulation
5.1 Experimental Methods 119
5.2 Temperature Dynamics During Optogenetic Stimulation 121
5.3 Optogenetically Evoked Neural Responses in ChR2-Expressing Retinal Tissue 128
5.4 Summary 136
5.5 References 137

Ⅵ. Conclusion
6.1 Summary 139

Abstract in Korean 142

URI

https://scholar.dgist.ac.kr/handle/20.500.11750/59635
http://dgist.dcollection.net/common/orgView/200000942218

DOI

10.22677/THESIS.200000942218

Degree

Doctor

Department

Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

Publisher

DGIST

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