DGIST Scholar: Numerical Analysis of Ion Concentration Polarization in a Nanochannel using EDL Model

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Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering Theses Master

Numerical Analysis of Ion Concentration Polarization in a Nanochannel using EDL Model

Moon, Hyun Min

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Title: Numerical Analysis of Ion Concentration Polarization in a Nanochannel using EDL Model

Alternative Title: 이온 농도 분극을 위한 나노유체장치에서 나노채널의 전기이중 층 COMSOL 시뮬레이션 분석: 전기장; 전기삼투 유동; 이온 이동

DGIST Authors: Moon, Hyun Min ; Moon, Sang Jun ; Lee, Ho Chun

Advisor: Moon, Sang Jun

Co-Advisor(s): Lee, Ho Chun

Issued Date: 2014

Awarded Date: 2014. 8

Citation: Moon, Hyun Min. (2014). Numerical Analysis of Ion Concentration Polarization in a Nanochannel using EDL Model. doi: 10.22677/thesis.2262509

Type: Thesis

Subject: Ion concentration polarization (ICP) ; Ion selective nanochannel ; Electric double layer (EDL) ; Nanofluidic device ; Electroosmotic flow ; Ions transport ; 이온 농도 분극 (ICP) ; 이온 선택적 나노채널 ; 전기이중 층 (EDL) ; 나노유체장치 ; 전기삼투 유동 ; 이온 이동

Abstract: Over the past few years, the experimental and computational analysis of Ion concentration polarization (ICP) phenomenon has been researched in the nanofluidic device. However the ICP has not been fully defined due to problems of analysis inside the nanochannel including external potential, surface potential for EDL (Electric double layer), ions transport with osmotic flow by external and surface potential of nanofluidic device. These problems of analysis are making difficult to analyze the ICP of nanofluidic device. Hence, we propose the computational simulation of nanochannel using COMSOL Mulitphysics for ICP phenomenon with each effects inside the nanochannel. We analyzed the electric field with boundary conditions of surface potential, surface charge density, and EDL model which is derived from Gouy-Chapman model. Also, each elctroosmotic flows by three electric field are generated respectively. Finally, Ions transports in the nanochannel by each electric field and osmotic flow are analyzed compared to each other computational simulations. As a result, we confirmed that three different electric fields make different osmotic flows and ions transports respectively. This result is meaningful for analysis of ICP phenomenon by electric field composed of EDL model which is from Gouy-Chapman, recent model at surface of nanochannel. ⓒ 2014 DGIST
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Table Of Contents: 1. INTRODUCTION 1-
1.1 Objectives and Motivations 1--
1.2 Hypotheses 3--
1.3 Background Information 5--
1.3.1 Definition of ICP 5--
1.3.2 History of ICP 12--
1.3.3 Applications of nanofluidic device using ICP phenomenon 13--
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 18--
2.1 Chapter Overview 18--
2.2 Theory 19--
2.2.1 External potential 19--
2.2.2 Electro double layer (EDL model) 19--
2.2.3 Electroosmosis by external and surface potential 22--
2.2.4 Ion transport by electric field and electroosmotic flow 24--
2.3 Analysis of ICP phenomenon in the nanofluidic device using COMSOL Multiphysics 25--
2.3.1 Geometry 25--
2.3.2 External potential (Electrostatic physics) 27--
2.3.3 Surface potential using potential boundary condition (Electrostatic physics) 27--
2.3.4 Surface potential using surface charge density boundary condition (Electrostatic physics) 30--
2.3.5 Surface potential using EDL model (User made physics) 30--
2.3.6 Electroosmosis (Laminar flow physics) 33--
2.3.7 Ion transport through nanochannel (Transport of diluted species physics) 35--
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 38--
3.1 Potential in the nanochannel 38--
3.1.1 External potential 38--
3.1.2 Surface potential 41--
3.1.3 Surface charge density 44--
3.1.4 EDL model 47--
3.2 Electroosmotic flow in the nanochannel 50--
3.2.1 Velocity of electroosmotic flow 51--
3.2.2 Pressure in the nanochannel 56--
3.3 Ion transport 59--
3.3.1 Na flux by electrophoresis, diffusion, and convection (electroosmotic effect) 60--
3.3.2 Cl flux by electrophoresis, diffusion, and convection (electroosmotic effect) 67--
3.3.3 Na concentration in the nanochannel 74--
3.3.4 Cl concentration in the nanochannel 84--
4. CONCLUSION 94--
4.1 Conclusion 94--
4.2 Future work 94--
REFERENCES 96