DGIST Scholar: Simulation Study on Electrochemical Properties of Lithium-Ion Batteries under Various Operating Conditions

Department of Energy Science and Engineering Theses Master

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Simulation Study on Electrochemical Properties of Lithium-Ion Batteries under Various Operating Conditions

Title: Simulation Study on Electrochemical Properties of Lithium-Ion Batteries under Various Operating Conditions

Alternative Title: 리튬 이차 전지의 구동 환경에 따른 전기화학 특성 연구

Author(s): Sun Ho Park

DGIST Authors: Sun Ho Park ; Yong Min Lee ; Hongkyung Lee

Advisor: 이용민

Co-Advisor(s): Hongkyung Lee

Issued Date: 2021

Awarded Date: 2021/02

Type: Thesis

Subject: Lithium-ion battery, Power evaluation, Electrochemical model, Life prediction model, 리튬 이온 전지, 출력 특성, 전기화학적 모델, 수명 예측 모델

Abstract: Since lithium-ion batteries (LIB) has high energy density, its market range is expanding from small devices to large-sized such as electric vehicles (EVs) or energy storage systems (ESSs). So, determining and predicting the performance or life of applications using LIBs is important. Especially, increasing the energy density of LIBs has been top priority in the battery industry. Consequently, the capacity (how many electrons can be stored within the cell) is the most frequently measured electrochemical specification at different C-rates and temperatures with voltage profiles. When small electric devices are the main application of LIBs, the capacity measured at low C-rates such as 0.2C is enough to design devices, because their power consumption is low. However, with the advent of the large-sized applications, which have to run a high-power electric motor using a limited number of LIBs, power has come into the limelight, and is considered to be as important as capacity. However, it is a time-consuming process to experimentally evaluate the performance of all applications or batteries. In order to overcome the stumbling block, computational calculation is necessary. This makes it possible to predict the battery’s rate of capacity loss or remain capacity.
Therefore, I fundamentally compared and analyzed both power and capacity values of two different type of LIB cells (cylinder and pouch type) to deduce generalized power and capacity sensitivities to temperature in this work. In addition, we focused the voltage profile changes depending on state of charges (SOCs) and temperatures within the optimal temperature range (15~35 °C). Moreover, I developed the model predicting the performance (e.g. capacity retention, voltage) of the commercial battery cell to overcome considerable money and time-waste while experiment.

Table Of Contents: I. Introduction 1
1.1 Overview 1
II. Power Sensitivity to Temperature in Lithium-ion Batteries: A Case Study with Cylindrical and Pouch Type Cells 3
2.1 Introduction 3
2.2 Experiment 5
2.2.1 Specifications of lithium-ion battery 5
2.2.2 Measurement of electrochemical properties 6
2.3 Results and discussion 7
2.3.1 Sensitivity of capacity to temperature 8
2.3.2 Sensitivity of power to temperature 10
2.4 Conclusion 12
III. Performance Prediction Model of Lithium-ion Batteries Based on Cathode Crack Degradation 27
3.1 Introduction 27
3.2 Experiment 28
3.3 Modeling 28
3.3.1 3-D Dimensional Thermal Cell Model based on Pseudo-2-Dimensional Model 29
3.3.2 Degradation of Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) on the Negative Electrode 30
3.3.3 Supplements and Strategies for Additional Model considering the Positive Electrode Degradation 31
3.4 Results and Discussion 32
3.4.1 Initial Test Results 32
3.4.2 Calendar Life Test Results 33
3.4.3 Cycle Test in the Normal Conditions 33
3.4.4 Cycle Test in the Severe Conditions 34
3.4.5 ESS Operating Conditions 34
3.5 Conclusion 35
References 51
Summary (in Korean) 57