Modulation mechanisms of voltage-gated calcium channels

Abstract

Voltage-gated calcium (CaV) channels mediate diverse essential physiological functions through membrane depolarization-induced Ca2+ influx. Malfunction of CaV channels causes various pathophysiological disorders. A wide range of cellular signals, including phosphoinositides, auxiliary CaV β subunits, Ca2+/calmodulin, and phosphorylation, are crucial for finely controlling the activity of CaV channels. Various interacting proteins, such as 14-3-3 protein, densin, and stac3, are also important in regulating the surface expression of CaV channels. Here, this review provides recent advances in the regulatory mechanisms of CaV channel gating and trafficking. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd