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Image-free Tumor Segmentation of Soft Tissue using Minimally Invasive Robotic Palpation

Title
Image-free Tumor Segmentation of Soft Tissue using Minimally Invasive Robotic Palpation
Author(s)
Yun-Jeong Lee
DGIST Authors
Yun-Jeong LeeSukho ParkJaesung Hong
Advisor
박석호
Co-Advisor(s)
Jaesung Hong
Issued Date
2024
Awarded Date
2024-02-01
Type
Thesis
Description
Image-free tumor segmentation;Palpation;Surface Reconstruction;Stiffness Estimation;RMIS
Abstract
In tumor resection surgery, one of the essential processes that helps doctors make appropriate diagnosis and surgery for patients is tumor segmentation. A common method to perform tumor segmentation is to use medical imaging and palpation together. However, because this method is subjective, it has the limitation that there may be differences between doctors. As one of the methods to solve this problem, automated tumor segmentation is being used. However, automated tumor segmentation has limitations due to errors in medical imaging itself and lack of quantitative tactile information. Therefore, in this paper, an image-free tumor segmentation method using robotic palpation in MIS is proposed to solve these limitations.
In this study, the proposed method adopted a process called Surface Reconstruction, which can obtain 3D surface information of the tissue. This process includes Point Cloud Acquisition and Point2Mesh Deep learning algorithm. The accuracy of the Surface Reconstruction process was verified by analyzing the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) through phantom experiments. Through this verification, it was confirmed that the accuracy was less than 1.1 mm. In addition, to obtain tissue stiffness information, the stiffness estimation based on the reconstructed surface was used. Especially, for viscoelastic tissues such as organs, tissue stiffness data was obtained by the indentation method after a probe path for accurate stiffness estimation was created. The obtained data were visualized as a stiffness map. Finally, the proposed image-free tumor segmentation was verified in terms of specificity and sensitivity through phantom and ex-vivo experiments.

Keywords: Image-Free tumor segmentation, Palpation, Surface Reconstruction, Stiffness Estimation, RMIS
|Tumor resection surgery 에서, 의사가 환자의 적합한 진단 및 수술을 할 수 있도록 도와주는 필수적인 과정 중 하나는 tumor segmentation 이다. 이러한 Tumor segmentation 을 수행하기 위한 일반적인 방법으로는 medical imaging 과 palpation 을 함께 사용하는 것이 있다. 하지만 이 방법은 주관적이기 때문에 의사들 간의 차이가 있을 수 있다는 한계가 있다. 이를 해결하기 위한 방법 중 하나로, automated tumor segmentation 이 활용되고 있다. 그러나 automated tumor segmentation 은 medical imaging 자체의 error 와 정량적 촉각 정보 부족의 한계점을 가진다. 그러므로, 본 논문에서는 이러한 한계들을 해결하기 위해 MIS에서 robotic palpation을 사용하여 image-free 한 tumor segmentation 방법이 제안된다.
본 연구에서, 제안된 방법에는 조직의 3D surface information 을 얻을 수 있는 Surface Reconstruction 이라는 과정이 채택되었다. 이 과정은 Point Cloud Acquisition 과 Point2Mesh Deep learning algorithm 을 포함한다. Surface Reconstruction 과정의 정확성 검증은 phantom 실험을 통해 Root Mean Square Error(RMSE)를 분석하여 수행되었다. 이 검증을 통해, 1.1 mm 이하의 정확도를 보임이 확인되었다. 또한, 조직의 강성 정보를 알기 위해, Reconstructed surface 를 기반으로 한 Stiffness Estimation 이 사용되었다. 특히, 장기와 같은 viscoelastic 한 조직에 대해, 정확한 강성 추정을 위한 Probe Path 가 생성된 후 indentation 방법에 의해 조직의 stiffness 데이터가 얻어졌다. 얻어진 데이터는 stiffness map 으로 가시화되었다. 마지막으로, phantom 실험과 Ex-vivo 실험을 통해, specificity 와 sensitivity 의 관점에서 제안된 Image-free 한 종양 세분화가 검증되었다.
Table Of Contents
Ⅰ. Introduction 1
1.1 Tumor segmentation 1
1.2 Limitations of tumor segmentation 1
1.3 Proposal 2
1.4 Structure of Thesis 4

ⅠⅠ. Method & Experiment 5
2.1 Surface Reconstruction 5
2.1.1 Point cloud acquisition using Teleoperation 5
2.1.2 Point2Mesh Deep Learning Algorithm 12
2.2 Stiffness Estimation 14
2.2.1 Probe Path Generation 14
2.2.2 Indentation Method 19
2.3 Tumor Segmentation 21
2.4 Phantom Experiment 24
2.4.1 Experimental Setup 24
2.4.2 Experimental Procedure 30
2.5 Ex-vivo Experiment 31
2.5.1 Experimental Setup & Procedure 31

ⅠⅠⅠ. Result & Discussion 33
3.1 Phantom Experiment 33
3.2 Ex-vivo Experiment 42
3.3 Discussion 44

ⅠV. Conclusion 47
4.1 Conclusion 47

V. Appendix 50
5.1 Safety of tissue contact 50
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11750/48071

http://dgist.dcollection.net/common/orgView/200000726122
DOI
10.22677/THESIS.200000726122
Degree
Master
Department
Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering
Publisher
DGIST
Related Researcher
  • 박석호 Park, Sukho
  • Research Interests Biomedical Micro/Nano Robotics; Biomedical Devices and Instruments
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Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering Theses Master

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