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Role of hypothalamus in aging and its underlying cellular mechanisms

Title
Role of hypothalamus in aging and its underlying cellular mechanisms
Author(s)
Kim, KeetaeChoe, Han Kyoung
Issued Date
2019-01
Citation
Mechanisms of Ageing and Development, v.177, pp.74 - 79
Type
Article
Author Keywords
AgingHypothalamusMechanisms
Keywords
AGE-RELATED-CHANGESPULSATILE LUTEINIZING-HORMONEEXTENDS LIFE-SPANGROWTH-HORMONEGENE-EXPRESSIONNEUROPEPTIDE-YSUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEUSCIRCADIAN-RHYTHMSARCUATE NUCLEUSNEUROKININ B
ISSN
0047-6374
Abstract
Aging is characterized by a progressive loss of several physiological functions that can cause various age-related disorders. Several factors have been identified as causes of aging to elucidate the decline in functions. Various aspects of physiological deterioration are controlled by the hypothalamus, a critical brain region that connects the neuroendocrine system to physiological functions. In addition, functional alterations in a set of agouti-related peptide/neuropeptide Y (AgRP/NPY) and pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons, a set of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and somatostatin (SST) neurons, a set of arginine vasopressin (AVP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) neurons, and a set of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and kisspeptin/neurokinin B/dynorphin (KNDy) neurons contribute to age-related physiological decline in energy metabolism, hormone regulation, circadian rhythm, and reproduction, respectively. The underlying cellular mechanism for the hypothalamus-mediated aging progression comprises dysregulation of nutrient sensing, altered intercellular communication, stem cell exhaustion, loss of proteostasis, and epigenetic alterations. Furthermore, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), NF-kB, hypothalamic stem cell, autophagy, and SIRT1 have been recognized as critical factors or pathways mediating the mechanism. Perhaps, further dissection of these pathways or components could provide the potential for developing a therapeutic intervention for age-related diseases or the extension of healthy lifespan. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11750/6410
DOI
10.1016/j.mad.2018.04.008
Publisher
Elsevier Ireland Ltd
Related Researcher
  • 최한경 Choe, Han Kyoung
  • Research Interests Modulation of neural circuit; Circadian regulation of behavior and perception; Neurotechnology
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Appears in Collections:
Department of Brain Sciences Laboratory of Animal Behavior and Circadian rhythm 1. Journal Articles

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